The Advent of Jesus
    The Messiah

    The physical appearance of Jesus on earth occurred at a time when the European and Middle Eastern areas of the world were under the complete control of the Roman Empire. This was a period of history known in Latin as the Pax Romana or the Roman Peace. Jesus was born during the only historical time on earth, before or since, when no known wars were occurring, due to the iron-fisted control exhibited by Rome.

    The then supreme ruler, Caesar Augustus decided to register every person under his dominion so that taxes could be levied to support Rome's expensive task of policing the peace of the then-known western world. This is discussed in Luke 2:

    "...A decree went out from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be registered. This census first took place while Quirinius was governing Syria. So all went to be registered, everyone to his own city. Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed wife who was with child. So it was, that while they were there, the days were completed for her to be delivered. And she brought forth her firstborn Son, and wrapped Him in swaddling cloths, and laid Him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn.

    "Now there were in the same country shepherds living out in the fields, keeping watch over their flock by night. And behold, an angel of the LORD stood before them, and the glory of the LORD shone around them, and they were greatly afraid. Then the angel said to them, 'Do not be afraid, for behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy which will be to all people. For there is born to you this day in the city of David, a Savior, who is Christ the LORD. And this will be the sign to you: You will find a Babe wrapped in swaddling cloths lying in a manger.'

    "And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying: 'Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, goodwill toward men!'

    `"So it was when the angels had gone away from them into heaven, that the shepherds said to one another, 'Let us now go to Bethlehem and see this thing that has come to pass, which the LORD has made known to us.'

    "And they came with haste and found Mary and Joseph and the Babe lying in a manger. Now when they had seen Him, they made widely known the saying which was told them concerning this Child. And all those who heard it marveled at those things which were told them by the shepherds . But Mary kept all these things and pondered them in her heart. Then the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, as it was told them."

    This passage presents fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies which point to the arrival of the Messiah or Mashiach,. This is translated to the Greek as The Christ, or The Anointed. Mashiach was prophesied in Micah 5:2 to be born in Bethlehem, "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of you shall come forth to Me the One to be Ruler in Israel, whose goings forth are from of old, from everlasting."

    The fact that Jesus would be born of a virgin who had not had any sexual relationship with a man was prophesied hundreds of years earlier in Isaiah 7:13, 14: "Hear you now, O house of David; Is it a small thing for you to weary men, but will you weary my God also? Therefore the LORD himself shall give you a sign; A virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel."

    In this prophecy the miraculous conception and birth of this child would be regarded as remarkable and unusual and would be known as "a sign" to the House of David. Immanuel means "God with us."

    For Jesus, as the Messiah, to be born in Bethlehem it was necessary at that precise time for such an order as that from Caesar Augustus to force Joseph and Mary, as descendants of David, to return to their family home of Bethlehem, David's hometown, for registration and payment of taxes. Jesus otherwise would have been born in Nazareth in Galilee, and therefore could not have fulfilled the prophetic requirements for Mashiach. With God, however all things are possible, and even Caesar obeyed the leading of God that would bring about fulfillment of God's will.

    The first chapter of Matthew and the third chapter of Luke contain the genealogy of Jesus' parents, one for Joseph, His foster father and one for Mary, His mother. No other person since that time can trace his lineage back to David, and we have no historical record of any other person living at the time of Jesus who traced his lineage directly back to David. Of necessity the Messiah had to be born of the lineage of David, of the tribe of Judah, to qualify as Mashiach.

    That the Messiah would come from the tribe of Judah was prophesied by Jacob just before his death, Genesis 49:8-10, Judah you are he whom your brothers shall praise;...the scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet until Shiloh comes and unto him (Shiloh) shall the gathering of the people (nations) be...."

    Shiloh is a name accepted by ancient Rabbis as a description of Messiah, the "Prince of Peace" of Isaiah's prophecy. The scepter here is included in the Messianic description as King of kings. The Redeemer is of the kingly line, and "To him shall the gathering of the nations be" extends beyond Israel to all the peoples of the earth. Through the sacrificial shedding of Jesus' blood and resurrection from the dead salvation has been extended to all throughout the earth who will receive for themselves forgiveness through faith in Jesus' sacrifice for sins.

    That the Kingly, Messianic line would proceed through David's line was emphasized in Isaiah 11:1,2: "And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse (the father of David), and a Branch shall grow out of his roots; and the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon Him; ...the spirit of knowledge, and of the fear of the LORD."

    The Star

    In Numbers 24:17-19 The prophet Balaam was hired by King Balak to extend a curse on the Israelites as they passed through the area on their forty-year wandering in the wilderness. Balaam was compelled by God to prophesy of the coming Deliverer, the Messiah, "I shall see Him, but not now; I behold Him, but not near; a Star shall come out of Jacob, a Scepter shall rise out of Israel, and batter the brow of Moab and destroy all the sons of tumult. And Edom shall be a possession; Seir also, his enemies shall be a possession, while Israel does valiantly. Out of Jacob One shall have dominion...."

    From Balaam's prophecy it is evident that an individual and not the Israelite nation in general, can be classified as the Messianic ideal. The Messiah is presented in the person of the LORD Jesus Christ Who alone fulfilled the prophecies concerning His coming.

    Balaam prophesied of a Star from the lineage of Jacob. The star of David is the symbol of Jewishness. A star played a large role in Jesus' birth.

    At the time of Jesus' birth wise men noted the appearance of an unusual star which they knew heralded the birth of a great king. They followed the star as it moved westerly through the heavens until it brought them to Judea. Matthew 2:1-12 recounts the story:

    "Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, saying, "Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him"

    "When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born. So they said to him, "In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet: 'But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, are not the least among the rulers of Judah; for out of you shall come a Ruler Who will shepherd My people Israel.'

    "Then Herod, when he had secretly called the wise men, determined from them what time the star appeared. And he sent them to Bethlehem and said, 'Go and search carefully for the young Child, and when you have found Him, bring back word to me, that I may come and worship Him also.'

    "When they heard the king, they departed; and behold, the star which they had seen in the East went before them, till it came and stood over where the young Child was. When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy. And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary His mother, and fell down and worshipped Him. And when they had opened their treasures, they presented gifts to Him; gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Then, being divinely warned in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed for their own country another way."

    Shortly thereafter an angel of the LORD appeared to Joseph in a dream and warned him to take Mary and the young Child by night to Egypt, for Herod the king would try to destroy Jesus. This flight to Egypt fulfilled yet another prophecy concerning Jesus, Hosea 11:1: "Out of Egypt I called My Son."

    After Mary and Joseph took the child Jesus to Egypt where He would be safe until Herod's death, Herod realized that the wise men had escaped to their homes in the East without telling him where Jesus was. Matthew 2:16-18 relates the tragic events that ensued due to King Herod's murderous rage. Herod was determined to destroy the infant whom he believed to be the ordained contender for Herod's earthly throne:

    "Then Herod, when he saw that he was deceived by the wise men, was exceedingly angry; and he sent forth and put to death all the male children who were in Bethlehem and in all its districts, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had determined from the wise men.

    "Then was fulfilled what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet, saying:

    "A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, refusing to be comforted, because they are no more." (Jeremiah 13:15)

    The prophecy stating that Jesus would be called a Nazarene was fulfilled after Herod's death as related in Matthew 2:19-23:

    "Now when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the LORD appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, 'Arise, take the young Child and His mother, and go to the land of Israel for those who sought the young Child's life are dead.'

    "Then he arose, took the young Child and His mother, and came into the land of Israel. But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea instead of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. And being warned by God in a dream, he turned aside into the region of Galilee. And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets, 'He shall be called a Nazarene'" (Judges 13:5).

    Isaiah 9:6,7 discusses Jesus' titles, "For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder; and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, The mighty God, the everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the LORD of hosts will perform this."

    The Prophecies

    For many years unbelievers claimed that the more than 200 prophecies in the Old Testament relating to Jesus Christ's birth, life, death and resurrection must have been written after Jesus death. They claimed that believers had inserted these prophecies into the Old Testament to support their beliefs. The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls by a Moslem goat herder, however, has undeniably proven that these prophecies about Jesus' advent, life and death were written hundreds of years before Jesus was born.

    The prophetic books discovered in the dead sea caves are without changes from those that have been included for centuries in the Bible that we are using today. The prophecies are accurate, true and unchanged over more than 2500 years from when they were written. The largest scroll found in the Dead Sea caves, the Book of Isaiah, is absolutely unchanged, and it contains clear prophecies that only Jesus fulfilled as the Lamb of God, the Messiah, our Savior.

    The birth of the Messiah who would bring mankind back into fellowship with God after his fall from grace with Adam's sin was prophesied immediately after Adam's fall through rebellion from God's command. As He was pronouncing the consequences of their sin to the serpent , to Adam and to Eve, He said, "I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her Seed. He shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise His heel..."Genesis 3:15.

    Eve understood that from her seed, or descendants, would come the redeemer who would "bruise the head" of Satan and bring mankind back into fellowship with God. When Eve bore her first son, Cain, she evidently believed that he would be the manchild who would :"bruise the head" of Satan. She exclaimed, "I have acquired a man from the LORD." Nevertheless, the birth of the Messiah would not occur for another 4,000 years in which the devastating consequences of mankind's fall into sin clearly would be understood. Mashiach's birth was eagerly awaited by those who understood Biblical prophecy and who understood that His role was to be that of redeemer from sin.

    The exact time of Jesus' birth was predicted by the prophet Daniel in Daniel 9:24-26:

    "Seventy weeks (sevens of years) are determined for your people and for your holy city, to finish the transgression, to make an end of sins, to make reconciliation for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy. Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the command to restore and build Jerusalem (refer to the book of Ezra in regard to bringing an end to the Babylonian exile) until Messiah the Prince there shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks; (a total of 483 years) the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublesome times. And after the sixty-two weeks (or sevens of years) Messiah shall be cut off, but not for Himself; and the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary....

    True to this prophecy Jesus was cut off or crucified 483 years to the day after the order to restore and rebuild Jerusalem at the close of the Babylonian exile. This was previous to the destruction of Jerusalem which occurred in the year 70 A.D. There was zero deviance in the fulfillment of this prophecy 483 years to the precise day it actually occurred.

    King David prophesied in Psalm 22 that the Messiah would suffer the mocking of the people gathered around Him in His suffering. He predicted His great thirst, the piercing of His hands and feet , the gambling over His garments, the nakedness of the body in His humiliations and His cry, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" This cry occurred when God hid His face from Jesus as Jesus took on the sins of mankind on the cross as the sacrificial Lamb of God:

    Psalm 22: "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me.? Why are You so far from helping Me, and from the words of My groaning? ...But I am a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and despised by the people. All those who see Me ridicule Me; they shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying, 'He trusted in the LORD, let Him rescue Him; let Him deliver Him since He delights in Him!...For dogs have surrounded Me; the congregation of the wicked has enclosed Me. They pierced My hands and My feet; I can count all My bones. They look and stare at Me. They divide My garments among them, and for My clothing they cast lots."

    In no other individual in history has been the fulfillment of so many precise and distinct Old Testament prophecies. In the birth, life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ we see the fulfillment of the prophecies of the Messiah.

    Isaiah 52:13 and 14 describes two facets of Mashiach's role, as not only exalted but abased for our redemption: "Behold My Servant shall deal prudently; He shall be exalted and extolled and be very high. Just as many were astonished at you, so His visage was marred more than any man, and His form more than the sons of men...."

    Isaiah 53 describes prophetically the role that Mashiach was to perform at His first coming, This first role as Sacrifice for sins was not understood clearly by Biblical historians at that time since Mashiach's ultimate role at His second coming will be as triumphant conqueror and Kind of kings. It was in this second role that they were awaiting the Mashiach.

    In recognition that Mashiach would be neither recognized nor accepted by many in His first coming Isaiah 53 begins, "Who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the LORD been revealed? For He shall grow up before Him as a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground. He has no form or comeliness; and when we see Him, there is no beauty that we should desire Him. He is despised and rejected by men, a Man of sorrows and acquainted with grief, and we hid, as it were, our faces from Him; He was despised, and we did not esteem Him. Surely He has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows: Yet we esteemed Him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. But He was wounded for our transgression, He was bruised for our iniquities. The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray, we have turned, every one, to his own way; and the LORD has laid on Him the iniquity of us all.

    "He was oppressed and He was afflicted, yet He opened not His mouth. He was taken from prison and from judgment, and who will declare His generation? For He was cut off from the land of the living. For the transgressions of My people He was stricken, and they made His grave with the wicked - but with the rich at His death, because He had done no violence, nor was any deceit in His mouth.

    "Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise Him; He has put Him to grief. When You make His soul an offering for sin, He shall see His seed, He shall prolong His days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in His hand. He shall see the labor of His soul, and be satisfied. By His knowledge My righteous Servant shall justify many. For He shall bear their iniquities. Therefore I will divide Him a portion with the great, and He shall divide the spoil with the strong. Because He poured out His soul unto death, and He was numbered with the transgressor, and He bore the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors."

    This Old Testament passage clearly identifies Mashiach as the One who would bear our griefs and sorrows, be wounded for our transgressions and striped for our healing. The baby born in Bethlehem's stable who was worshipped by shepherds and wise men had as His purpose to be the sacrificial Lamb of God. He would live as our example and then be crucified for our sins. That was His purpose and He never flinched from the role that He was fully aware that He must perform.

    The Lamb

    When John the Baptist first saw Jesus, John 1:29 he declared, "Behold the Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world." Jesus' role as Savior was recognized early in His ministry.

    John described Jesus as the Lamb of God in reference to the Passover lamb provided by God for their deliverance from the angel of death who was to pass over the land of Egypt. All houses without the blood of the sacrificial lamb smeared over the doorpost found the first born of that household dead at sunrise.

    Even so, Jesus Christ , our Savior, as the Lamb of God provided His life's blood as sacrifice for our sins. Any person who accepts by faith the sacrifice of Jesus for sins finds that the angel of death passes over him. We are spared eternal death because of the blood of Jesus, the Passover Lamb Who gave Himself for any who will believe and accept this sacrifice for sins. Jesus is the Lamb of God.

    Even the unbelieving High Priest in Jesus' time prophesied immediately before His arrest that Jesus would die for that nation, John 11:49-53:

    "And one of them, Caiaphas, being high priest that year, said to them, 'You know nothing at all, nor do you consider that it is expedient for us that one man should die for the people, and not that the whole nation should perish.'

    "Now this he did not say on his own authority; but being high priest that year he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation, and not for that nation only, but also that He would gather together in one the children of God who were scattered abroad. Then from that day on, they plotted to put Him to death."

    Jesus' birth and death as Lamb of God were essential for our salvation, as expressed by all of the New Testament writers who wrote under the inspiration of God's Holy Spirit.

    The Apostle Paul stated, I Corinthians 15:3,4 "For I delivered to you first of all that which I also received; that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures...."

    Jesus' resurrection was essential for our salvation. As resurrected Savior Jesus was our scapegoat for sins. Even as Jesus arose from the dead as the first fruits of the general resurrection those who die in the faith of Jesus as Son of God, Lamb of sacrifice, shall also arise from the dead at the sounding of the trumpet of resurrection when Jesus returns in His second role as King of kings and LORD of lords.

    This is the messiah for which people have been waiting for thousands of years. The time is near when we shall see Jesus in His completed role as Messiah, Redeemer and King of kings. We await the glorious day of His second coming with eager anticipation. Soon we shall see Him face to face, ever to rule and reign with Him in His kingdom of love, joy and eternal peace.

    Paul stated in Ephesians 1:7-10, "In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of His grace which He made to abound toward us in all wisdom and prudence, having made known to us the mystery of His will, according to His good pleasure which He purposed in Himself, that in the dispensation of the fullness of the times He might gather together in one all things in Christ, both which are in heaven and which are on earth-in Him."

    Jesus, as the Son of God was willing to leave the glories of His Heavenly home to be born as a human being, among the poorest of the poor to teach us the ways of righteousness, but most of all to be the only acceptable sacrifice for all of mankind's sins if they would just believe on Him and on His sacrificial death and resurrection.

    The chances that Jesus could have fulfilled all of the prophecies that relate to His coming as the Messiah, as He did, are astronomical. The honest and unbiased individual who investigates the claims of Jesus and prophecies that relate to His birth, life and death can only conclude that Jesus Christ is, indeed, the anointed, the Messiah, Mashiach, the Son of the Living God. Through Him alone can we obtain forgiveness for out sins.

    St. John wrote in 1 John 1:7-10, "If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness."

    Because of Jesus Christ's willingness to suffer and die as sacrificial Lamb of God we receive full forgiveness for all of our sins simply by believing in Jesus' mission on earth. We cannot save ourselves, but Jesus' blood, shed for us, is fully sufficient to cleanse us of all sin and to bring us back eternally into fellowship with God. We are reborn as His Children and heirs, now and forever, to His Kingdom of love and peace.